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Carl Hertz Müller * 1891

Fuhlsbüttler Straße 145 (Hamburg-Nord, Ohlsdorf)

HIER WOHNTE
CARL HERTZ MÜLLER
JG. 1891
EINGEWIESEN 1940
HEILANSTALT LANGENHORN
"VERLEGT" 23.9.1940
BRANDENBURG
ERMORDET 23.9.1940
"AKTION T4"

Carl Hertz Müller, born on 11 Aug. 1891 in Hamburg, murdered on 23 Sept. 1940 in the Brandenburg/Havel euthanasia killing center

Stolperstein in Hamburg-Ohlsdorf, at Fuhlsbüttler Street 145

Carl Hertz Müller was one of nine children of the Jewish married couple Siegmund Müller and Emilie, née Haarburger. The spouses, both born in Hamburg, had married on 16 Jan. 1885. Like his father, Siegmund Müller earned his living as a cigar worker. Emilie Haarburger lived with her parents until getting married. Her father was a cemetery warden, according to the Hamburg directory an "Inspector of the Israelit. burial ground.” Already one year after the marriage, Siegmund Müller also signed on with the administration of the Jewish Cemetery. His job title from then on was cemetery administrator or cemetery supervisor. The family lived at Fuhlsbüttler Strasse 605 in Hamburg’s Ohlsdorf quarter, not far from the Jewish Cemetery on Ilandkoppel. All nine children were born there: Ernst Aron Müller, born on 3 Feb. 1886; Alice Mathilde Müller, born on 18 Feb. 18 1887; Jeanette Hedwig Müller, born on 22 Feb. 1888; Gertrud Flora Müller, born on 4 Feb. 1888. May 1889; Margaretha Emmi Müller, born on 27 June 1890; Carl Hertz Müller, born on 11 Aug. 1891; Hans Josef Müller, born on 2 Jan. 1893; Paul Edgar Müller, born on 27 May 1894; and Willi Leopold Müller, born on 5 Oct. 1897.

Little is known about Carl Hertz Müller’s childhood and youth. We only know that, working as a casual laborer at the Ohlsdorf Jewish Cemetery, he paid Jewish religious taxes (Kultussteuer) to the Jewish Community from 1920 to Jan. 1938. When he joined the Jewish Community in 1920, he no longer lived with his parents, but resided as a subtenant at 145 Fuhlsbüttler Strasse.

Carl Hertz’s father died on 7 July 1923, his mother 14 years later on 9 Dec. 1937. One month afterward, on 14 Jan. 1938, Carl Hertz Müller was admitted to the Friedrichsberg State Hospital (Staatskrankenanstalt Friedrichsberg). The reason for his admission is not known. His patient file card contains only his patient number and lists as occupation "worker”. Carl Hertz Müller was transferred from Friedrichsberg to the Farmsen care home (Versorgungsheim Farmsen) on 25 Jan. 1938.

In the spring/summer of 1940, the "euthanasia” headquarters in Berlin, located at Tiergartenstrasse 4, planned a special operation aimed against Jews in public and private sanatoriums and nursing homes. It had the Jewish persons living in the institutions registered and moved together in what were officially so-called collection institutions. The Hamburg-Langenhorn "sanatorium and nursing home” ("Heil- und Pflegeanstalt” Hamburg-Langenhorn) was designated the North German collection institution. All institutions in Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein, and Mecklenburg were ordered to move the Jews living in their facilities there by 18 Sept. 1940.

Carl Hertz Müller arrived in Langenhorn on 20 Sept. 1940. On 23 September, he was transported to Brandenburg/Havel with a further 135 patients from North German institutions. The transport reached the city in the Mark (March) on the same day. In the part of the former penitentiary that had been converted into a gas-killing facility, people were immediately driven into the gas chamber and murdered with carbon monoxide. Only Ilse Herta Zachmann escaped this fate at first (see corresponding entry).

It is not known whether, and if so, when relatives became aware of Carl Hertz Müller’s death. In all documented death notices, it was claimed that the person concerned had died in Chelm (Polish) or Cholm (German). Those murdered, however, were never in Chelm/Cholm, a town east of Lublin. The former Polish sanatorium there no longer existed after SS units had murdered almost all patients on 12 Jan. 1940. Also, there was no German records office in Chelm. Its fabrication and the use of postdated dates of death served to disguise the killing operation and at the same time enabled the authorities to claim higher care expenses for periods extended accordingly.

Three other siblings of Carl Hertz died in the Holocaust. Alice Mathilde Müller had married the managing director Heinrich Sochazcewski on 22 Dec. 1907. He was born on 1 Sept. 1869 in Breslau (today Wroclaw in Poland) as the son of Jewish parents.
This marriage produced two daughters as well as son Werner, born on 16 Feb. 1914. Heinrich Sochaczewski died on 5 Aug. 1929. In 1938, Alice Sochaczewski got an apartment in the Lazarus Gumpel Stift, a residential home at Schlachterstrasse 47. Shortly afterward, both daughters managed to escape abroad, so that they survived the Nazi era. The widower Leopold Graff, born on 23 Aug. 1874 in Altona, also lived in the residential home. With him, Alice Sochaczweski entered into her second marriage in 1939. Alice and Leopold Graff were given an apartment at Schlachterstrasse 47 house no. 6 in Hamburg-Neustadt. Werner, Alice’s son from the first marriage, temporarily lived with them in the apartment. There the couple received the order to report to the [former] Masonic lodge on Moorweidenstrasse for "evacuation.” Alice Mathilde and Leopold Graff were deported to Minsk on 18 Nov. 1941 on a transport comprised of 407 people. Werner Sochaczewski had already been deported to Minsk on the first transport departing on 8 Nov. 1941. All three were murdered. For them, Stolpersteine are located in Hamburg-Neustadt at Grossneumarkt 38 (see www.stolpersteine-hamburg.de).

Hans Josef Müller had taken up the trade of hairdresser. After being detained in the Bremen-Oslebshausen and Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel penitentiaries, he was deported to Auschwitz on 10 Dec. 1942 and murdered there on 6 Jan. 1943. The cause of death indicated was "cardiac and circulatory insufficiency.”

On 28 Feb. 1909, Gertrud Flora Müller married Nikolaus Konrad Horn, a Protestant born on 17 Sept. 1882, the son of a cigar worker and an office clerk by profession. Daughter Margarethe Emilie resulted from this marriage, which was divorced in 1921. Gertrud remarried in 1923. Henceforth going by the name of Gertrud Flora Dawartz, she was evacuated from Hamburg to Regensburg with her husband after the air raids in 1943. The Regensburg gendarmerie arrested her on 2 Dec. 1943 due to a denunciation and detained her for almost five months in the Regensburg pretrial detention facility. From there, she was deported to Auschwitz on 24 Apr. 1943, allegedly dying on 12 Aug. 1944. She was declared dead as of 31 Dec. 1945 by the District Court (Amtsgericht) in Parsberg, a town in the Neumarkt administrative district of the Upper Palatinate. Her daughter had managed to flee abroad in time.

Paul Edgar Müller had attended the Oberrealschule [a secondary school without Latin] in Hamburg-Eppendorf up to the third grade [of secondary school = Quarta] and then the Talmud Tora Realschule up to the final grade [Prima]. He then trained as a businessman and worked as a commercial clerk at his training company, Erich Eduard Bintz, Agency and Commission, located at Ferdinandstrasse 29. From May 1915 until the end of the war, he served in the military as an infantryman. In 1925, he established "Paul Edgar Müller & Co., Hausmakelei und Versicherungen," a company engaged in selling real estate and insurance. In 1937, the management of his company was seized from him. He could no longer afford the rent for his apartment at Rothenbaumchaussee 60 and after a protracted search, he found another one at Hammer Landstrasse 233. He was arrested on suspicion of "money smuggling abroad,” but was able to refute the charges, upon which he was released. He then fled to the United States.

Willi Leopold Müller married the non-Jewish woman Minna Ida Kock in 1926. The couple had a daughter, Hildegard Karoline, born on 6 Apr. 1928. She was not raised in the Jewish faith, and thus Willi Leopold lived in a "privileged mixed marriage” ("privilegierte Mischehe”). However, after 14 years of service, he was dismissed from his position as a male nurse at the Langenhorn State Hospital (Staatskrankenanstalt Langenhorn) on 9 Oct. 1935 "due to non-Aryan descent” "with salary payment until June 1936.”

Starting in June 1939, Willi Leopold Müller was compulsorily obliged by the placement agency for Jews set up at the employment office to perform so-called "welfare work” ("Unterstützungsarbeit”). Until 1945, he had to perform physically hard labor at five different companies, but he was not deported. He, his wife Minna Ida, and his daughter Hildegard had to move to the "Jews’ house” ("Judenhaus”) at Dillstrasse 15 at the end of 1943. Willi Leopold survived the Nazi era. He died in Hamburg in 1964.

On 30 Aug. 1912, Margaretha Emmi Müller married Martin Anton Gach, a Lutheran commercial clerk born in Hamburg on 30 Nov. 1881. The couple had a son, Karl Siegmund, born on 17 Sept. 1913. Their son Karl Siegmund was not raised in the Jewish faith. This meant that Margaretha Emmi Gach lived in a so-called "privileged mixed marriage” and that she was therefore protected from deportation for the time being. Starting in early 1945, this relative protection no longer applied. Margaretha Emmi Gach was deported to Theresienstadt on 14 Feb. 1945 on the last transport from Hamburg together with 193 other Jewish persons. On 5 May 1945, the SS handed over responsibility for Theresienstadt to the ICRC [International Committee of the Red Cross]. The Red Army arrived there on 8 May 1945. Margaretha Emmi Gach survived imprisonment and returned to Hamburg. Her husband died on 29 June 1966 at the age of 84. She herself passed away on 8 May 1976.

On 5 Apr. 1910, Jeanette Hedwig Müller married Hugo Ludwig Kauffmann, a Hamburg commercial clerk. The fact that her husband belonged to the Lutheran denomination was probably the reason why she survived the Nazi era. She died on 15 July 1963 in her hometown.

Ernst Aron Müller became an accountant. At the beginning of the twentieth century, he emigrated to the USA, where he started a family. He died there in 1963.

Translator: Erwin Fink
Kindly supported by the Hermann Reemtsma Stiftung, Hamburg.

© Ingo Wille

Quellen: 1; 4; 5; 9; StaH 133-1 III Staatsarchiv III, 3171-2/4 U.A. 4, Liste psychisch kranker jüdischer Patientinnen und Patienten der psychiatrischen Anstalt Langenhorn, die aufgrund nationalsozialistischer "Euthanasie"-Maßnahmen ermordet wurden, zusammengestellt von Peter von Rönn, Hamburg (Projektgruppe zur Erforschung des Schicksals psychisch Kranker in Langenhorn); 352-8/7 Staatskrankenanstalt Langenhorn Abl. 1/1995 Aufnahme-/Abgangsbuch Langenhorn 26. 8. 1939 bis 27. 1. 1941; 332-5 Standesämter 952 Sterberegister Nr. 469/1929 Heinrich Sochaczewski, 1070 Sterberegister Nr. 462/1937 Emilie Müller 2009 Geburtsregister Nr. 5313 Martin Anton Gach, 3089 Heiratsregister Nr. 844/1907 Alice Müller/Heinrich Sochaczewski, 6469 Geburtsregister Nr. 74/1909 Gertrud Flora Müller/Nikolaus Konrad Horn, 6475 Heiratsregister Nr. 187/1910 Ludwig Hugo Kauffmann/Jeanette Hedwig Müller, 7035 Sterberegister Nr. 898/1923 Siegmund Müller, 8517 Heiratsregister Nr. 36/1885 Siegmund Müller/Emilie Haarburger, 9507 Geburtsregister Nr. 12/1886 Ernst Aaron; 9507 Geburtsregister Nr. 23/1887 Alice Mathilde, 9508 Geburtsregister Nr. 15/1888 Jeanette Hedwig, 9508 Geburtsregister Nr. 49/1889 Gertrud Flora, 9509 Geburtsregister Nr. 64/1890 Margaretha Emmi, 9509 Geburtsregister Nr. 92/1891 Carl Hertz Müller, 9510 Geburtsregister Nr. 3/1897 Hans Josef Müller, 9511 Geburtsregister Nr. 70/1894 Paul Edgar Müller, 9549 Heiratsregister Nr. 40/1912 Müller Margarethe/Gach Martin, 10158 Sterberegister Nr. 807/1964 Willi Leopold Müller, 13228 Geburtsregister Nr. 141/1899 Willi Leopold Müller; 351-11 Amt für Wiedergutmachung 16838 Paul Edgar Müller, 22011 Willi Leopold Müller; 352-8/7 Staatskrankenanstalt Langenhorn Abl. 1/1995 Aufnahme-/Abgangsbuch Langenhorn 26. 8. 1939 bis 27. 1. 1941; 522-1 Jüdische Gemeinden 992 e 2 Band 2, Band 3, Band 5 Deportationslisten; 731-1 (Handschriftensammlung) Markgraf Kurt, Aus der Geschichte des Pflegeheims Farmsen: Vom Werk- und Armenhaus zum Pflegeheim, Dokument 23; JSHD Forschungsgruppe "Juden in Schleswig-Holstein", Datenpool Erich Koch, Schleswig; UKE/IGEM, Archiv, Patienten-Karteikarte Carl Hertz Müller der Staatskrankenanstalt Friedrichsberg; Stadtarchiv Norderstedt, Heiratsregister Garstedt, Nr. 14/1926 Willi Leopold Müller/Minna Ida Kock; Copy of 1.1.2.1/603621 
in conformity with the ITS Archives, Bad Arolsen, Auszug aus dem Sterbezweitbuch des Standesamtes Auschwitz; Copy of 1.2.2.1/11759239 
in conformity with the ITS Archives, Bad Arolsen, Auszug aus dem Gefangenenbuch des Landgerichtsgefängnisses Regensburg; Copy of 1.2.2.1/11767626
 in conformity with the ITS Archives, Bad Arolsen, Karteikarte des Gerichtsgefängnisses Regensburg; Copy of 1.1.42.2/5027765 
in conformity with the ITS Archives, Bad Arolsen, Kartei Getto Theresienstadt; Copy of 6.3.3.2/102139646 
in conformity with the ITS Archives, Bad Arolsen, Korrespondenzakte T/D - 571 415; Copy of 6.3.3.2/102139647 
in conformity with the ITS Archives, Bad Arolsen Korrespondenzakte T/D - 571 415; Copy of 6.3.3.2/102139648
 in conformity with the ITS Archives, Bad Arolsen Korrespondenzakte T/D - 571 415; Copy of 6.3.3.2/102139650
 in conformity with the ITS Archives, Bad Arolsen Korrespondenzakte T/D - 571 415; Copy of 1.1.2.1/603621
in conformity with the ITS Archives, Bad Arolsen, Auszug aus dem Sterbezweitbuch des Standesamtes Auschwitz wegen Hans Müller; Copy of 1.2.2.1/11688044, 11688058, 11688059 in conformity with the ITS Archives, Bad Arolsen, Listenmaterial Gruppe PP; Brunotte, Sabine, schriftliche Auskunft, E-Mail vom 28.8.2016.
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