Search for Names, Places and Biographies

Julius Algava * 1876

Breitenfelder Straße 30 (Hamburg-Nord, Hoheluft-Ost)

HIER WOHNTE
JULIUS ALGAVA
JG. 1876
"SCHUTZHAFT" 1943
GEFÄNGNIS FUHLSBÜTTEL
DEPORTIERT
AUSCHWITZ
ERMORDET 15.6.1943

further stumbling stones in Breitenfelder Straße 30:
Auguste Algava

Julius Juda Algava, born on 12.5.1876, arrested in March 1943, deported, murdered in Auschwitz on 15.6.1943

Auguste Algava, née Ziese, born on 18.1.1888, dead on 11.7.1943

Breitenfelder Straße 30, Hoheluft East

The Algava family belonged to the Portuguese-Jewish Community, descendants of the Sephardim who had been expelled from the Iberian Peninsula and then settled in Hamburg towards the end of the 16th century and founded their own religious Jewish community.

Abraham Algava, called Adolf Algava, was born in Hamburg on January 18, 1845. His wife Therese Algava, née Magnus, was born in Ludwigslust on November 14, 1842. They had married in Hamburg on July 12, 1869.

Four children enriched the couple's life: Samuel Vidal, born on July 3, 1870, Rike/Ricka, born on December 5, 1872, Minna Mariquita on June 4, 1875, who died a year later on June 4, 1876, and the youngest member of the family, Julius Juda Algava, on May 12, 1876. The family lived in Hamburg at Krayenkamp 20 in Neustadt from 1871.

Abraham Algava had been working as a tobacco merchant in Hamburg since 1867. He stored raw tobacco at Ellerntorsbrücke 9 in Neustadt and traded it very successfully. He was entered in the commercial register on June 5, 1871 under the name "A. Algava jun.”. Initially, Julius Juda helped his father in the cigar trade as a packer and assistant, as did his brother Samuel Vidal Algava.

When Samuel Vidal left for Oppenheim on October 9, 1900, Julius Juda Algava took over his father's business. He was listed in the address books as "Tobacconist and broker Abraham Algava Junior”, living at Wilhelminenstraße 62 in St. Pauli (today Hein-Hoyer-Straße).

From 1902, Julius Juda Algava lived with his parents at Susannenstraße 8 in the Sternschanze district. He supported his mother in caring for his father before the father died in Hamburg on December 27, 1903 and was buried in the Ilandkoppel Jewish cemetery. In 1906 Julius Juda Algava moved with his mother to Eppendorfer Weg 9a in Eimsbüttel, and in 1907 to Goebenstraße 5. Therese Algava died on March 18, 1909 and was buried next to her husband in the Ilandkoppel Jewish Cemetery.

Julius Juda Algava remained at Goebenstraße 5, he was now listed in the Hamburg address book as an authorized signatory and worked as a dispatcher for the Wagner company at Elbstraße 76 - 84 (today Neanderstraße) in Neustadt.

On September 26, 1913, he married the non-Jewish Anna Auguste Bernhardine Ziese at Hamburg registry office 3a. She was born on January 18, 1888 in Nordenham near Delmenhorst. Her parents were Ernst Friedrich Ziese and Anna Margarete Ziese, née Ostendorf.

In 1914, the newlyweds lived at in Hamburg Beim Schlump 22 in Eimsbüttel, in 1915 at Beim Schlump 50 and from 1916 at Beim Schlump 52. Julius Juda Algava was now listed in the address book as a tobacco buyer.

On July 22, 1915, he enlisted as a war volunteer and was then assigned to the I Substitute Battalion Infantry Regiment 76, i.e. not deployed.

In 1920, the Algava couple moved to Breitenfelder Straße 30 in Hoheluft-Ost. From 1921 Julius Juda Algava worked as a self-employed sales representative with the business address Schauenburger Straße 47 in Hamburg's old town. We have no information about the years from 1922 to 1934.

In the meantime, the National Socialists had taken power in Germany. Their anti-Jewish measures were very hard on the couple and they separated. Auguste Algava stayed at Breitenfelder Strasse 30, while Julius Juda Algava moved into a room in the building that also housed the synagogue of the Portuguese-Jewish community at Innocentiastraße 37 in Harvestehude in 1939. He was a member of this community until December 31, 1939. Even after his membership ended, he continued to live in Innocentiastraße.

The building at Innocentiastraße 37 had been rented in 1935 and could be used as a synagogue by the Portuguese community after they had been forced to sell their previous synagogue in Markusstraße. Services were still held in Innocentiastraße until the end of 1939. The sign above the entrance read: "Holy congregation of the Sephardim Bet Israel - God is near to all who call upon him”. Based on the word Sefarad (Hebrew: Spain), the term "Sephardic Jews” refers to the original Iberian origin.

Like all "full Jews”, Julius Juda Algava had to become a member of the Reich Association of Jews in Germany and thus of the former Jewish Community of Hamburg, which from 1939 had to call itself the Jewish Religious Association and had become part of this Reich Association. Like all members, the Reich Association levied regular and sometimes extraordinary contributions, which were calculated according to the income and assets of those concerned.

In January 1939, the "Ordinance on the Elimination of Jews from Economic Life” was issued (Verordnung zur Ausschaltung der Juden aus dem Wirtschaftsleben). This ordinance also applied to Julius Juda Algava, as he was self-employed as a commercial agent. In 1939, he moved his company to Stadthausbrücke 11 in Hamburg's Neustadt district, but in 1940 he had to cancel the business address and had his entry as a commercial agent deleted from the address book.

In 1940, Julius Juda Algava no longer received any income, and in 1941 he was dependent on the support of Jewish welfare.

The Jewish community was not only a center for religious life, but also offered care facilities. Until the end of November 1941, this included serving food to needy members of the community at Innocentiastraße 37 and, from 1941, the Volksküche at Schäferkampsallee 27. In addition to serving food, the Kulturbund offered entertainment for Jewish people in the community center at Hartungstraße 9. Julius Juda Algava probably also made use of these opportunities for food and entertainment.

At the end of 1941, he moved into an apartment in the Stift (Foundation) at Kielortallee 22 in Eimsbüttel. Hirsch Berend Oppenheimer had had this building erected here in 1907-1908 according to plans by the architect Ernst Friedheim. There was a synagogue in the middle section of the building. In the 1940s, the convent building served as a "Jews' house”.

On September 10, 1942, Julius Juda Algava moved into an apartment in the "Jews' house” at Rutschbahn 25a in Rotherbaum, where partners from mixed marriages were housed.

Julius Juda Algava, like all Jewish adults, was used for forced labor in so-called Jewish columns; he had to work in the Dralle soap factory. (The Dralle perfume and soap factory existed until 1991 and was a well-known brand. Since 1920, its production was located at Nernstweg 32-34 in Altona). The forced labor was organized by the notorious Willibald Schallert for the Hamburg employment office.

When a fire broke out in the Dralle factory, Schallert accused Julius Juda Algava of sabotage. The forced laborer Lola Tech, who was employed here from November 20, 1942 to October 4, 1943, later stated that the fire had broken out in the cellar and added that there was a widespread anti-Semitic atmosphere in the factory.

The Gestapo arrested Julius Juda Algava while he was still at the Dralle soap factory and imprisoned him in Fuhlsbüttel from March 1, 1943 to April 22, 1943. It later transpired that a non-Jewish employee at the soap factory had forgotten to turn off his electric stove. But that didn't help Julius Juda Algava; he was deported to Auschwitz on May 7, 1943. Married in a mixed marriage and over 65 years old, he should actually have been deported to Theresienstadt, but a decree from the fall of 1942 stipulated that Jews from prisons and concentration camps should be transferred to Auschwitz.

In Auschwitz, he was given the prisoner number 120417 and was evidently initially used for forced labor. On May 25, 1943 and June 9, 1943, he was entered in the book of the surgical department of the prisoners' hospital in Block 21 of the Auschwitz I main camp. A boil had formed on his upper arm, which was treated with zinc ointment according to the state of medicine at the time.

67-year-old Julius Juda Algava was murdered with Zyklon B in Auschwitz on June 15, 1943.

After Auguste Algava received the news of her husband's death from a Gestapo officer, she died of a heart attack in the Jewish Hospital on July 11, 1943.

The fate of Julius Juda Algava's siblings:
Samuel Vidal Algava had married Hanchen, née Sommer, born on April 18, 1869, on November 10, 1898. They had a son, Adolf Abraham, born on September 2, 1899. Hanchen Algava died in Hamburg on June 4, 1900. Samuel Vidal Algava followed on January 1, 1923 and was buried in the Jewish cemetery in Stuttgart. We have no knowledge of Adolf Abraham Algava's fate.

Rike/Ricka Algava had married Jacob Ruben, born on August 13, 1854, on January 5, 1899. They had children Jeanette, born on September 28, 1899, and Alfred Ruben, born on December 17, 1900, deceased on July 3, 1918. Rike/Ricka Ruben died on April 1, 1928 and Jacob Ruben on January 8, 1932. Jeanette Ruben married Raphael Friedländer. The couple was deported to the Lodz ghetto on October 25, 1941 and murdered. Jeanette and Raphael Friedländer are commemorated by stumbling stones in Hamburg at Durchschnitt 1 am Grindel.

Translation: Beate Meyer
Stand: December 2024
© Bärbel Klein

Quellen: 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9; StaH; 331-1 II Polizeibehörde – Tägliche Zu- und Abgänge im Polizeigefängnis Fuhlsbüttel 7254 (Julius Juda Algava); 351-11 AfW 16896 (Lola Tech); 342-2_D II 83 Alphabetische Listen der Wehrpflichtigen Band 1 Julius Juda Algava; 332-7 Staatsangehörigkeitsaufsicht - Bürgerprotokoll AIf 228 Nr. 459; 332-3 Zivilstandsregister B 28 Heiraten Nr. 1631/1869 Abraham Algava/Therese Magnus, A 139 Geburten Nr. 6644/1872 Ricka Algava, A 196 Minna Mariquita Algava Nr. 807/1875; 332-5 Standesamt 1882 Geburten Nr. 2283/1876 Julius Juda Algava, 13004 Geburten Nr. 2600/1899 Adolf Abraham Algava, 13096 Geburten Nr. 2200/1899 Jeanette Ruben, 13408 Geburten Nr. 3536/1900 Alfred Ruben, 2909 Heiraten Nr. 1169/1899 Samuel Vidal Algava/Hanchen Sommer, 2923 Heiraten Nr. 9/1899 Jacob Ruben/Ricka Algava, 9551 Heiraten Nr. 460/1913 Julius Juda Algava/Anna Auguste Bernhardine Ziese, 15 Sterberegister Nr. 1534/1876 Minna Mariquita Algava, 2923 Sterberegister Nr. 939/1900 Hanchen Algava, 7971 Sterberegister Nr. 1151/1903 Abraham Algava, 622 Sterberegister Nr. 196/1909 Therese Algava, 8093 Sterberegister Nr. 130/1928 Jacob Ruben; 741-4 Fotoarchiv K2350, K4165, K4374, K2445, K2448, Mail von Bohdan Piętka, Auschwitz Forschungsabteilung, 20.7.2022; Antwortschreiben Bundesarchiv Sebastian Schlabitz vom 25.01.2023; Jüdische Baudenkmäler in Hamburg, Irmgard Stein, Hamburg 1984; Stefanie Fischer, Familie und Alltag, in: Hamburger Schlüsseldokumente zur deutsch-jüdischen Geschichte, 22.09.2016. [21.03.2023]; www.geni.com; www.wikipedea.org (Zugriff 27.12.2022).
Zur Nummerierung häufig genutzter Quellen siehe Link "Recherche und Quellen".