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Anneliese Deutsch (née Weil) * 1910

Grindelhof 61 (Eimsbüttel, Rotherbaum)

1941 Minsk
ermordet

further stumbling stones in Grindelhof 61:
Norbert Deutsch, Fritz Heinz Deutsch

Anne Liese (Anneliese) Sara Amalie Deutsch, née Weil, b. am 10.18.1910 in Frankenthal, Bavaria, deported to Minsk on 11.8.1941, murdered there
Friedrich "Fritz" Heinz Deutsch, b. 12.7.1936 in Hamburg, deported to Minsk on 11.8.1941, murdered there
Johann Norbert Deutsch, b. 12.13.1909 in Altona, deported to Minsk on 11.8.1941, murdered there

Grindelhof 61

Norbert Deutsch was born in Altona at Jacobstrasse 72, the second son of the married couple Alfred Deutsch (b. 3 April 1880 in Vienna) and Henriette, née Pogerselsky (b. 5 November 1879 in Rawitsch, Posen); [for both, see also www.stolpersteine-hamburg.de] Alfred Deutsch had moved from Vienna to Altona in 1900 and married Henriette there in 1907. In 1911, the young family moved to Hamburg where Alfred Deutsch became independent as a dealer in second-hand goods--in this case, the second-hand goods were "used men’s attire.” The business and also the dwelling of the family from 1914 to 1932 was at Desenissstrasse 42 in Barmbek.

Norbert had a bother who was two-years older, Walter Erich (b. 31 October 1907 in Altona) and a six-year younger sister, Anne-Liese Bringfriede (b. 31 July 1915 in Hamburg). In November 1931, Alfred Deutsch had to apply for support from the Welfare Office because his income shrank continually. The resultant inspection of the family’s circumstances by the welfare officials yields important information concerning the professional development and financial situation of the three children.

Walter Erich Deutsch emigrated to the USA in 1927, took American citizenship, and changed his name from "Deutsch” to "Dodge.” In the early 1930s, he worked as a waiter in Brooklyn, New York and could not support his parents. He married an American and they had a son on 3 September 1934, whom they named Alfred Norbert. He was just six years old when his father died in 1950.

Anne-Liese Deutsch trained to be a clerk at the Alex. Lowenberg Stationers at Bleichenbrücke 10, having finished her apprenticeship on 1 April 1933. From 1 July 1937, she worked at Oscar Hartig’s, a representative for furs--that is, not yet processed hides--at Mönckebergstrasse 7; she earned RM 100 per month. On 28 September 1938, she was able to emigrate to the USA and, after her marriage to Lewis Wolff, lived in California as Ann Wolff, née Deutsch. In 1960, Ann Wolff and her nephew Alfred Norbert Dodge instituted a common application for reparations for Alfred and Henriette Deutsch.

Norbert Deutsch worked as a commercial clerk in Berlin at the Heinrich Sober firm, Kommandantenstrasse 6. He earned RM 180 per month and lived in a furnished room at Maurerstrasse 3, for which he paid RM 43 in rent. The Welfare Office determined after a thorough investigation of his circumstances that he pay RM 12 per month to his parents. In 1933-1934, Norbert Deutsch settled in Holland as an independent representative of his Berlin firm; however, he returned to Germany in January 1935 and continued working as a traveling representative for the Berlin enterprise. Feeling more secure, he now lived in Frankenthal in the Palatinate because he could visit his future wife Anneliese Weil there and lived with his-soon-to-be in-laws. In 1908, Anneliese’s father, Josef Weil, born in Frankenthal in 1873, had married Elisabeth Schwarz (b. 1886) in Kirchheimbolanden, the Palatinate. Anneliese was the oldest of their three children. In 1898, Josef Weil and his brothers Jacob and Viktor entered the firm founded by their father in Frankenthal. It included a shoe and clothing business as well as a furniture dealership. After Aron Weil’s death in 1908, the brothers continued the business alone. During the First World War, they carried out an internal division of labor in the business: Jakob Weil took over the shoe and clothing business; Josef and Viktor, the furniture dealership.

On 23 April 1936, Norbert Deutsch married Anneliese Weil in Mannheim. The couple decided to go to Hamburg and in August found an apartment there at Grindelhof 61. It was a shared apartment consisting of two rooms and a makeshift kitchen. The rent was RM 40. Anneliese’s father, Josef Weil, took care of the household furnishings, for which he could draw on his business’s inventory. From the apartment, Norbert Deutsch attempted to build up his "wholesale cap business.” Because of the boycott of Jewish businesses in April 1933, intensified in the mid-1930s, the development of his concern did not prosper. The family fell into financial need: the costs for the childbirth of Norbert and Anneliese’s son, Friedrich Heinrich (Heinz) Sam on 7 December 1936 were met by the Lying-in Aid of the Jewish congregation. Norbert Deutsch applied to the Welfare Office for reimbursement of additional hospital costs for his wife. In July 1937, he sought to be released from the support payments to his parents because "his cap manufacturing business was in the early stages of being built up,” and "because of bankruptcies among his customers, he had already forfeited a few hundred Marks.” The end of his trading operations came in November 1937: he was unable to pay his debts and instructed his accountant, Otto Kronberger in Altona, to try to reach an arrangement with his creditors.

From 1 July 1937, Norbert Deutsch, his wife, and child lived at Rappstrasse 10. Because RM 20 in back rent was owed for the apartment at Grindelallee 61, creditors impounded the household furnishings to the amount of RM 360. As he reported to the Welfare Office, his wife’s parents supported the family with RM 20 a month, and other relatives also sent them contributions. An undated list of Jewish welfare recipients documents the social decline of Norbert Deutsch: he was next to his father on the list of welfare recipients; presumably, the list covered the period from 1938-1939 until his deportation. In the directory of 1940-1941, Norbert Deutsch’s occupation designation was "ditch digger.” He probably was "obligated” to do the heaviest sort of physical labor because he received welfare.

On the night of 11-12 November 1938, the Gestapo took Norbert Deutsch into "protective custody” in the Fuhlsbüttel concentration camp. The background of his arrest is not determinable. According to a report of the Welfare Office, which had carried out a house visit of his parents, he was still under arrest as of 3 January 1939; his release on 11 January 1939 is also recorded in the documents. Still in the same month, he was sent "as a political Jew” to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. In this case, too, the grounds for his imprisonment are not known. From 16 March to 28 April 1939, his wife Anneliese was in the Fuhlsbüttel women’s prison on account of "attempted fraud.”

Norbert and Anneliese Deutsch, together with their four-year old son Friedrich Heinrich ("Fritz Heinz”) and Norbert’s parents Alfred and Henriette Deutsch, were deported on 8 November 1941 to the Minsk ghetto and there murdered.

Aneliese Deutsch’s father, Josef Weil, survived the Holocaust, returned to Frankenthal, and operated A. Weil, a furniture business there. In 1950, he lodged a reparations application for the household furnishings which he had given at the time of her marriage. Norbert and Anneliese Deutsch’s household was, after their deportation, auctioned off for the sum of RM 1,262, which went to the then Hamburg Finance Authority.

For Norbert’s parents, Alfred and Henriette Deutsch, commemorative stones lie at the front of the house at Rentzelstrasse 7 in the Grindel district.

Translator: Richard Levy
Kindly supported by the Hermann Reemtsma Stiftung, Hamburg.

© Ute Harms

Quellen: 1; StaH 314-15 Oberfinanzpräsident Fvg 4791; StaH 314-15 Oberfinanzpräsident 1998/1, J2/174/175/177; StaH 314-15 Oberfinanzpräsident 47 UA 3-9; StaH 314-15 Oberfinanzpräsident 26; StaH 522-1 Jüdische Gemeinden 992e 2 Bd. 2; StaH 351-11 Amt für Wiedergutmachung 4608; StaH 351-14 Arbeits- und Sozialfürsorge Abl. 1999/2; StaH Meldewesen II, Hauskartei, K 2435; StaH 213-13 Landgericht Hamburg 7316; StaH 242-1 Gefängnisverwaltung II, Abl. 13; StaH 213-8 Staatsanwaltschaft Oberlandesgericht Abl. 2, 451 a E1 1c; StaH 522-1 Jüdische Gemeinden 992 e 2 Band 2, Transport nach Minsk am 8. November 1941, Liste 1; Information Gedenkstätte und Museum Sachsenhausen, Oranienburg vom 1.7.2013; E-Mail-Korrespondenz mit Herbert Baum, Förderverein für jüdisches Gedenken Frankenthal, Dez. 2017; Hamburger Adressbücher 1936–1941; Familie Aron Weil, online: http://juden-in-frankenthal.de/j%C3%BCdische-familien/weil/ (Zugriff 25.12.2016); mit freundlicher Unterstützung von Herbert Baum, Werner Schäfer und Paul Theobald vom Förderverein für jüdisches Gedenken Frankenthal.
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