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Jacob Mathiason * 1865

Hochallee 121 (Eimsbüttel, Harvestehude)

HIER WOHNTE
JACOB MATHIASON
JG. 1865
DEPORTIERT 1942
THERESIENSTADT
ERMORDET 28.11.1942

further stumbling stones in Hochallee 121:
Fanny Glückstadt, Werner Glückstadt, Ruben Richard Glückstadt

Jacob Mathiason, born 22.4.1865 in Hamburg, deported 19.7.1942 to Theresienstadt, died there on 28.11.1942

Hochallee 121 (Harvestehude)

Jacob Mathiason was born in Hamburg in 1865, the son of the Hamburg Jewish couple Joseph Mathiason (1835-1932) and Adele, née Levy (1838-1922). His parents had married in 1864 in a synagogue of the German-Israelitic community in Hamburg. After Jacob, siblings Henriette (born 1866), Flora (born 1867), Paul Joachim (1870-1928), Oscar (1873-1874) and Albert (1875-1944) were born.

His grandfather Jacob Mathiason (1793-1877) had already been born in Hamburg. Around 1842, he ran his store for feathers and goose quills, founded in 1826, at Erste Elbstraße 8/Neustadt (today part of Neanderstraße). In 1846, the new address was Neuer Steinweg 32/ Neustadt and the company name was "Krollhaarfabrik” (Krollhaar = horsehair). Jacob Mathiason senior acquired Hamburg citizenship, which Jews could only obtain from February 1849, in June 1849.

Joseph Mathiason's family, i.e. Jacob's parents, lived at Hermannstraße 7/ Altstadt (1865-1866), Alter Steinweg 42/ Neustadt (1867-1869), Grindelallee 41/ Rotherbaum (1870-1877), Großneumarkt 54/ Neustadt (1878-1895) and Valentinskamp 17 (1896-1897). After the 63-year-old porcelain dealer Joseph Mathiason had retired from professional life, he lived at Schlüterstraße 54/ Rotherbaum (1898-1901). For the first time, the Hamburg address book of 1898 no longer printed a job title after his name, but only his residential address.

After school, Jacob Mathiason junior completed a commercial apprenticeship. During the military examinations in 1885, 1886 and 1887, he was found to have unspecified "physical defects”, which exempted him from compulsory military service. He was noted in the muster register with the occupational designation "Commis”, meaning that he had already completed his commercial training and was now working as a commercial clerk. This occupation was still listed in his documents in 1901. In 1897, he was listed in the Hamburg register of citizens with the occupation "accountant”.

At the civil marriage of his sister Flora in 1899 in Hamburg to the merchant Philipp Zondervan (1859-1943), born in Krefeld and resident in Pirmasens, the bride's father Joseph Mathiason and the bride's brother Jacob Mathiason acted as witnesses. Mr. and Mrs. Zondervan moved to Krefeld, where they lived at Ostwall 96 from 1917 to 1932. Philipp Zondervan was listed in the Krefeld address book of 1914 as a shoe manufacturer.

In July 1901 Jacob Mathiason married Anna Jacobson (born 22.12.1873 in Hamburg). The couple had three children: Ernst (1902-1945), Elisabeth "Ellie” (1904-1939) and Gertrud (born 1906). The addresses of their rented apartments were in the "better” areas of Hamburg: Heide(r)straße 1/ Hoheluft-Ost (until 1908), Klosterallee 23/ Harvestehude (1908-1917), Isestraße 28 II. Stock/ Harvestehude (1917-1932) and a 6-room apartment at Hochallee 121 Hochparterre/ Harvestehude (1933-1938). The furnishings are said to have been middle-class: On the walls hung, among other things, "2 oil paintings by a well-known Hamburg painter from my great-grandparents, with heavy bronze frames, which were to be sent to the Jewish Museum because of their artistic value”, wrote daughter Gertrud in 1951. She did not provide more precise details about the painter or the museum.

The economic damage and systematic disenfranchisement of Jews in the German Reich also affected tenancies. Jacob Mathiason now had to live as a subtenant at Eppendorfer Baum 11/Harvestehude with merchant Max Burchard (from February 1939) at Hochallee 117 and at Haynstraße 5 with Mr. B. Levy (ca. 1941/1942).

His brother Albert (born 4.10.1875 in Hamburg) also completed a commercial apprenticeship after graduating from secondary school, did his military service in 1897/98, presumably in Magdeburg, and lived as a merchant in Frankfurt/Main from 1912. There he took over the general agency for the Bospor cigarette factory (Hanover), from 1915 at the address Zeil 26. In 1924 he registered the trade in gold and silver goods, tobacco, cigars and cigarettes; The store was located in Frankfurt/Main at Börnestraße 19, first floor, and from 1932 at Börnestraße 44, first floor. floor.

When the 57-year-old stockbroker Jacob Mathiason had his banking business J. & A. Mathiason entered in the commercial register after the First World War in November 1922, his wife Anna was granted power of attorney. Since the National Socialist/German National coalition government came to power, the company was subject to massive government restrictions, revenues declined and it had to be deleted from the commercial register in February 1936.

Their daughter Gertrud, who was now working as a shorthand typist, married the businessman F. Hartwig (Ludwig Hartwig & Söhne) in 1935 and moved to Gerdauer Straße 9 in Berlin-Wilmersdorf. Anna Mathiason visited her there at the end of 1938 and died unexpectedly on December 6, 1938 in Berlin at Elsässer Straße 85 (now Torstraße 146) in the "Adass Yisroel” community hospital. She was buried in the Hamburg-Ohlsdorf Jewish cemetery on December 11, 1938.

It became lonely for Jacob Mathiason: in January 1939, Gertrud emigrated with her husband and son to India via Hamburg (they moved to Great Britain in 1949).

The son Ernst Mathiason (born 20.6.1902 in Hamburg, "business traveler” (representative), lastly self-employed in the shoe industry, who had married in Hamburg in May 1934, emigrated at the beginning of January 1939 with his wife Alma, née Lievendag (born 7.12.1905) via Trieste to Shanghai and died there on 1 February 1939. He had previously been imprisoned in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp during the November pogrom of 1938 until December 15, 1938.

Jacob's sister Flora Zondervan, née Mathiason (1867-1943), had already fled to the Netherlands with her husband Philipp and her son Gerhard (born 1900) in 1936. In the summer of 1937, other members of the Zondervan family followed them to the Netherlands. Flora and Philipp Zondervan last lived in Amsterdam at Nieuwe Prinsengracht 56 (After the German occupation of the Netherlands in May 1940, they were interned in the Westerbork transit camp and deported from there to the Sobibor extermination camp and murdered on April 20, 1943).

In Hamburg, too, the authorities and offices of the Nazi state conscientiously implemented the anti-Jewish persecution measures. On November 4, 1938, the Hamburg Customs Investigation Office (Zollfahndungsstelle) issued a provisional "security order” (asset freeze) against Jacob Mathiason's assets, which was confirmed by the Hamburg Foreign Exchange Office on November 28, 1938. He was now only allowed to withdraw a small fixed amount from his accounts each month and could only sell securities from his securities account with the approval of the foreign exchange office. (The credit institutions were obliged by the foreign exchange office of the Chief Finance President to follow corresponding instructions).

At the end of 1939/beginning of 1940, Jacob Mathiason married the widowed Paula Rosenbaum, née Rosenthal (see www.stolpersteine-hamburg.de). The couple were forced to move into an apartment in the Hertz-Joseph-Levy-Stift at Großneumarkt 56 III. floor (Neustadt) on April 15, 1942. The building had been declared a "Jews' house” by the Nazi regime. In 1938, the board of directors of this residential facility, most of whose members came from the founding family, consisted of Jacob Mathiason and the merchant Jacob Rosenbacher Levy (1867-1942), owner of a banking business Adolf Warisch (1857-1942), the merchant Sigmund Kahn (born 1878) and the independent architect Fritz Block (born 1889).

Jacob and Paula Mathiason were deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto on July 19, 1942. Wealthy Jews had to pay large sums of money for board and lodging in this alleged "old people's home” via a "home purchase contract”; Jacob Mathiason alone is said to have paid around RM 6,800.

In Theresienstadt, the Mathiason couple were quartered in building Q 310, room 66 in Badhausgasse.

Jacob Mathiason died here after only five months on November 28, 1942. The official cause of death recorded on his "death notice” was "old age”; he was 77 years old at the time. The catastrophic sanitary and medical care in the ghetto led to his death, as it did for many of the weakened inmates.

Paula Mathiason survived two years in the ghetto and was deported to the Auschwitz concentration camp and murdered in May 1944.

After their deportation, Jacob and Paula Mathiason's household effects were auctioned off by the auctioneer Mattießen for the benefit of the Nazi state.

Mathiason's brother Albert (1875-1944) and his wife Bertha Mathiason, née Vogel (1893-1944) were also deported from Frankfurt/Main to the Theresienstadt ghetto on September 15, 1942 and then on to the Auschwitz extermination camp on May 16, 1944, where they were murdered.

Unlike other married couples, the Stolpersteine commemorate Jacob and Paula Mathiason at two different addresses. This is due to their late marriage, different address entries on their separate Jewish religious tax registers and the efforts to select the last freely chosen residential address for the Stolpersteine. The stone for Jacob Mathiason was laid in May 2014 at Hochallee 121, the one for Paula Mathiason in September 2012 at Maria-Louisen-Straße 96.

Translation: Beate Meyer
Stand: November 2024
© Björn Eggert

Quellen: Staatsarchiv Hamburg (StaH) 213-13 (Landgericht Hamburg, Wiedergutmachung), 3630 (Jacob Mathiason); StaH 213-13 (Landgericht Hamburg, Wiedergutmachung), 3632 (Gertrud Hartwig geb. Mathiason); StaH 213-13 (Landgericht Hamburg, Wiedergutmachung), 3634 (Gertrud Hartwig geb. Mathiason); StaH 231-7 (Handelsregister), A 1 Band 127 (A 28829, J. & A. Mathiason); StaH 231-7 (Handelsregister), A 1 Band 17 (A 4625, Adolf Warisch); StaH 231-7 (Handelsregister), A 1 Band 33 (A 8111, J. Rosenbacher Levy); StaH 314-15 (Oberfinanzpräsident), F 1644 (Ernst u. Alma Mathiason); StaH 314-15 (Oberfinanzpräsident), F 164 (Dr. Fritz Block u. Anna Sophie Block geb. Levy); StaH 332-3 (Zivilstandsaufsicht), A 6 (Geburtsregister 1525/1866, Henriette Mathiason); StaH 332-3 (Zivilstandsaufsicht), A 36 (Geburtsregister 4664/1867, Flora Mathiason); StaH 332-3 (Zivilstandsaufsicht), A 231 (Geburtsregister St. Pauli 189/1870, Paul Joachim Mathiason); StaH 332-3 (Zivilstandsaufsicht), A 246 (Geburtsregister St. Pauli 963/1873, Oscar Mathiason); StaH 332-3 (Zivilstandsaufsicht), A 260 (Geburtsregister St. Pauli 1826/1875, Albert Mathiason); StaH 332-5 (Standesämter), 25 u. 1747/1877 (Sterberegister 1877, Jacob Mathiason, Rödingsmarkt 22); StaH 332-5 (Standesämter), 8596 u. 283/1899 (Heiratsregister 1899, Philipp Zondervan u. Flora Mathiason); StaH 332-5 (Standesämter), 8610 u. 295/1901 (Heiratsregister 1901, Jacob Mathiason u. Anna Jacobson); StaH 332-5 (Standesämter), 3072 u. 333/1906 (Heiratsregister 1906, Paul Joachim Mathiason u. Dina Cohn); StaH 332-5 (Standesämter), 8069 u. 577/1922 (Sterberegister 1922, Adele Mathiason geb. Levy); StaH 332-5 (Standesämter), 8093 u. 296/1928 (Sterberegister 1928, Paul Joachim Mathiason); StaH 332-5 (Standesämter), 8113 u. 520/1932 (Sterberegister 1932, Joseph Mathiason); StaH 332-7 (Staatsangehörigkeitsaufsicht), AIe 40 Bd.7 (Bürger-Register 1845-1875 L-R, Josef Mathiason); StaH 332-7 (Staatsangehörigkeitsaufsicht), AIe 40 Bd.12 (Bürger-Register 1896-1898 L-Z, Jacob Mathiason); StaH 332-8 (Meldewesen), Hausmeldekartei ab 1939, Mikrofilm K 2328 (Grossneumarkt 56 III.); StaH 332-8 (Meldewesen), Alte Einwohnermeldekartei 1892-1925, Mikrofilm K 6571 (Albert Mathiason); StaH 342-2 (Militär-Ersatzbehörden), D II 39 Band 2 (Jacob Mathiason); StaH 342-2 (Militär-Ersatzbehörden), D II 59 Band 3 (Paul Joachim Mathiason); StaH 342-2 (Militär-Ersatzbehörden), DII 79 Band 3 (Albert Mathiason); StaH 351-11 (Amt für Wiedergutmachung), 26292 (Gertrud Hartwig geb. Mathiason); StaH 351-11 (Amt für Wiedergutmachung), 15320 (Margarethe Kahn geb. Ascher); StaH 522-1 (Jüdische Gemeinden), 992b (Kultussteuerkartei der Deutsch-Israelitischen Gemeinde Hamburg), Joseph Mathiason, Jacob Mathiason, Ernst Mathiason, Paul Joachim Mathiason, Dr. Fritz Block, Siegmund Kahn, Jacob Rosenbacher Levy, Adolf Warisch; Jüdischer Friedhof Hamburg-Ohlsdorf (Anna Mathiason, Grablage B 9 Nr. 349); Gedenkstätte und Museum Sachsenhausen (Ernst Mathiason, Häftlingsnr. 010858); Landesarchiv Berlin, Sterberegister 2265/1938 (Anna Mathiason geb. Jacobson); Hessisches Hauptstaatsarchiv Wiesbaden, Heiratsregister Frankfurt/ Main 402/1914 (Albert Mathiason u. Berta Vogel); Institut für Stadtgeschichte Frankfurt/ Main (Gewerbekartei, Albert Mathiason); Stadtarchiv Krefeld (Personenstandsregister, Philipp Zondervan); Bundesarchiv Berlin, R 1509 (Reichssippenamt), Volks-, Berufs-, u. Betriebszählung am 17. Mai 1939 (Jacob Mathiason, Hamburg, Eppendorfer Baum 11; Paula Mathiason geb. Rosenthal verheiratete Rosenbaum, Berlin-Schöneberg, Bamberger Str. 51 II.; Flora Zondervan geb. Mathiassohn, geb. 6.9.1867 in Hamburg, wohnhaft Krefeld-Uerdingen; Albert Mathiason u. Bertha Mathiason geb. Vogel, Frankfurt/Main, Großer Wollgraben 44); Arolsen Archives, Listen über Juden, die im Zeitraum 1939-1948 in Shanghai verstorben und beerdigt wurden (Ernst Mathiason); Handelskammer Hamburg, Handelsregister-Informationen (J. & A. Mathiason, A 28829; J. Rosenbacher Levy, A 8111; Sigmund Kahn, A 37177; Adolf Warisch, A 4625); Hamburger Börsenfirmen, Hamburg 1910, S. 426 (Jacob Mathiason, gegr. 1826, Borsten, Bettfedern, Rosshaare, Inhaber Mathias Mathiason u. Iwan Isaac Mathiason, Hansastr. 49); Hamburger Börsenfirmen, Hamburg 1926, S. 675 (J. & A. Mathiason, gegr. 1922, Bankgeschäft, Inhaber Jacob Mathiason, Prokurist Anna Mathiason geb. Jacobsohn, Isestr. 28 II.); Hamburger Börsenfirmen, Hamburg 1935, S. 552 (J. & A. Mathiason, gegr. 1922, Bankgeschäft, Inhaber Jacob Mathiason, Prokurist Anna Mathiason, Hochallee 121); Wilhelm Mosel, Wegweiser zu den ehemaligen Stätten jüdischen Lebens oder Leidens in Hamburg, Heft 1, Hamburg 1983, S. 48 (Großneumarkt 54-57); Irmgard Stein, Jüdische Baudenkmäler in Hamburg, Hamburg 1987, S. 63 (Hertz-Joseph-Levy-Stift); Adressbuch Hamburg 1842, 1845 (Jac. Mathiason, Posen u. Federn, Commission u. Sped., erste Elbstr. 8); Adressbuch Hamburg 1878-1880, 1882, 1894, 1895 (Josef Mathiason, Steinzeug-, Glas- u. Porzellan-Lager, Großneumarkt 54); Adressbuch Hamburg 1896, 1897 (Josef Mathiason, Agentur u. Commission in Steinzeug, Glas u. Porzellan, Valentinskamp 17); Adressbuch Hamburg (Jacob Mathiason, Kaufmann, Klosterallee 23) 1913, 1915, 1916; Adressbuch Hamburg (Jacob Mathiason jr.) 1908, 1917, 1918, 1920, 1932, 1935; Adressbuch Hamburg 1938 (Kapitel I a Stiftungen, Nr. 12/13 für Israeliten, Hertz-Joseph-Levy-Stift); Adressbuch Hamburg 1942 (Hermann Matthiessen, Versteigerer, Ifflandstr. 83); Telefonbuch Hamburg 1931 (J. & A. Mathiason, Inhaber Jacob Mathiason jr., Bankgeschäft, Neuer Wall 70-74, Wohnung Isestr. 28); Adressbuch Berlin 1938, 1939 (Straßenverzeichnis Wilmersdorf, Gerdauer Str. 9); Adressbuch Frankfurt/ Main (Albert Mathiason) 1913-1916, 1918, 1920, 1923; Adressbuch Krefeld (Philipp Zondervan) 1910, 1914, 1920, 1930; https://www.holocaust.cz/de/datenbank-der-digitalisierten-dokumenten/dokument/89525-mathiason-jacob-todesfallanzeige-ghetto-theresienstadt/ (Todesfallanzeige Jacob Mathiason); https://www.joodsmonument.nl/en/page/185066/ (Flora Zondervan geb. Mathiassohn); https://www.bundesarchiv.de/gedenkbuch (Jacob Mathiason; Paula Mathiason; Albert Mathiason; Bertha Mathiason geb. Vogel; Philipp Zondervan).