Search for Names, Places and Biographies

Frida Haarburger * 1872

Husumer Straße 19 (Hamburg-Nord, Hoheluft-Ost)

HIER WOHNTE
FRIDA
HAARBURGER
JG. 1872
GEDEMÜTIGT / ENTRECHTET
FLUCHT IN DEN TOD
7.11.1941

further stumbling stones in Husumer Straße 19:
Selma Löwenstein, Bernhard Schwarz, Toni Schwarz

Frida Haarburger, born 6.3.1872 in Hamburg, died 7.11.1941 in Hamburg (suicide)

Husumer Straße 19 (Hoheluft-East)

As the daughter of Hartwig Simon Haarburger (1833-1907), a native of Altona, and Miriam, called Amalie, Haarburger, née Leviseur (1840-1921), born in Kassel, Frida Haarburger was born in 1872 in the Hamburg suburb of St. Pauli at Carolinenstraße 11. The Jewish parents had married in December 1864 at the Kassel registry office and on January 22, 1865 in the Kassel synagogue. The first-born son Simon died in Hamburg in April 1866. Frida's brother Iwan Haarburger (born 1869) traveled to South Africa as a merchant in 1893 and was not recorded again in the Hamburg registry.

Hartwig S. Haarburger and his grandfather Simon Wolff Haarburger were "lottery collectors" and Frida's brother Emil Hartwig Haarburger (1867-1919) also practiced this profession for a time. Hartwig S. Haarburger owned the company Haarburger & Co. which had been founded by his father before 1835 and was engaged in the sale of the "Lotterie-Collecte, An- u. Verkauf von Staatspapieren" (1872). In 1884 the company was listed in the Hamburg address book as "Bank und Lotteriegeschäft". (In 1612, the state lottery had been introduced in Hamburg, the ticket sales of which were probably handled on a commission basis by "collectors"; in 1879, a consortium consisting of the banking and trading house L. Behrens & Söhne (founded in 1796) and the banking business Hardy & Hinrichsen, founded in 1879,) was awarded the contract for the Hamburg city lottery in a public tender).

The business addresses of Haarburger & Co. in 1870 and 1884-1889 were identical with the residential addresses; in between, the firm had rented an office at Alter Steinweg 65 (among others, 1872-1873) and Neuer Wall 32 (among others, 1878). In 1867, Hartwig S. Haarburger had acquired Hamburg citizenship, which indicates secure economic circumstances.

How close the religious ties of Frida Haarburger's parents were to Judaism is not known. Hartwig S. Haarburger did not have any religious affiliation noted in the 1892 residents' registration card. The registration office had also left the column "religion" blank for his mother in 1908. However, the mother was buried in the Jewish Cemetery in Hamburg-Ohlsdorf in 1921. Her daughter Frida, on the other hand, joined the Evangelical Lutheran Church, while son Emil was a member of the Jewish Community of Hamburg from at least 1913 to 1919.

The family lived at Alte Steinweg 24 (1865-1867), Alte Steinweg 54 (1869-1870, among others), Carolinenstraße 11 (1871-1889), Hochallee 35 (1890-1897), Schlüterstraße 58 (1897-1903) and Klosterallee 13 (1903-1908). The social advancement can be seen in the residential areas: from Neustadt to the suburb of St. Pauli, to Harvestehude and Rotherbaum.

We know nothing about Frida Haarburger's childhood and youth. She remained unmarried, but must have received musical training, because she was listed in the Hamburg address book from 1911 to 1918 as a "music teacher" with the address Husumerstraße 19 (Hoheluft-Ost). Her brother Emil, who was five years older and unmarried, had rented an apartment here since September 1908, his company of the same name, founded in 1892, was registered at this address, and both their mothers also lived here after their husband's death. Due to the death of the 52-year-old brother Emil in 1919 in the private clinic of Marie and Paul Linke (Moltkestraße 31 and 39, Hoheluft-West), who had presumably also supported mother and sister financially, the close residential connection dissolved. In 1919, Frida Haarburger's residential address was Hansastraße 33 (Harvestehude). After that, the address book no longer listed her as the main tenant.

Frida Haarburger does not seem to have worked as a music teacher in the school service, at least her name is not found in the teacher directories.

Twenty years after her last mention in the 1919 Hamburg address book, Frida Haarburger's address was recorded in the May 17, 1939 census: At that time, she lived in Hamburg-Volksdorf at Farmsener Landstraße 73.

In 1939, she had to join the former Jewish Community, now part of the of the Reich Association of Jews in Germany - despite her Protestant regional affiliation. At this time she lived as a subtenant at Isestraße 37 (Harvestehude), from November 1940 at Westerstraße 27 near the main train station in the Daniel-Wormser-Haus (for transients and homeless Jews), and finally at Curschmannstraße 31 (Hoheluft-Ost) on the first floor with Bertha Cassel, née Eggers (born 8.9.1879 in Wilhelmsburg, died 1965). Bertha Cassel had begun subletting after the suicide of her Jewish husband Leopold Cassel (b. 5.3.1874 in Stettin) on 6 June 1941 and her strained financial situation.

The house file at Isestraße 37 then recorded Frida Haarburger as a subtenant with Ina Frey, née Nehemias (born 3.6.1883 in Hamburg) for the short period 1 May 1941 to 1 July 1941.

Like all Jews, Frida Haarburger was forced to adopt the additional first name "Sara" as of 1939, was not allowed to leave the house after 8 p.m., and as of September 1941 had to wear the "Jewish star" clearly visible on her clothing. Her financial situation was strained, and since September 1940 she had been dependent on welfare payments from the Jewish Community.

On November 3, 1941, 69-year-old Frida Haarburger took an overdose of sleeping pills, which may have been related to her impending deportation on November 8, 1941 (to the Minsk ghetto). Since she assumed that her suicide would succeed, she had written by mail to a friend; early the next day, she informed the Jewish physician Eugen Klewansky (1883-1954), who had the unconscious Frida Haarburger admitted to the Jewish Hospital (Johnsallee 54), where she died of sleeping pills poisoning on November 7, 1941.

The Hamburg District Court appointed the lawyer Hugo Möller (1881-1951), since December 1938 admitted as "Konsulent" (Rathausstraße 27 III. floor) only for Jewish clients, as guardian of the estate. Frida Haarburger was buried at the central cemetery according to her tax card of the former Jewish Community.

For her cousin Alice Baum, née Haarburger (1873-1941) a stumbling stone was laid in May 2010 in front of the house Efeuweg 16 (Winterhude) (see www.stolpersteine-hamburg.de).

Translation Beate Meyer

Stand: February 2023
© Björn Eggert

Quellen: Staatsarchiv Hamburg (StaH) 331-5 (Polizeibehörde – unnatürliche Todesfälle), 1941/1857 (Frieda Haarburger); StaH 332-3 (Zivilstandsaufsicht), C Nr. 6 (Sterberegister 1599/1866, Simon Haarburger 5 Monate); StaH 332-3 (Zivilstandsaufsicht), A Nr. 31 (Geburtsregister 2702/1867, Emil Haarburger); StaH 332-3 (Zivilstandsaufsicht), A Nr. 66 (Geburtsregister 1698/1869, Iwan Haarburger); StaH 332-5 (Standesämter), 7989 u. 586/1907 (Sterberegister 1907, Hartwig Haarburger); StaH 332-5 (Standesämter), 8057 u. 370/1919 (Sterberegister 1919, Emil Haarburger); StaH 332-7 (Staatsangehörigkeitsaufsicht), AIe 40 Bd. 6 (Bürger-Register 1845-1875 G-K), Hartwig Simon Haarburger (Nr. 1504, 9.8.1867), Joseph Isaac Haarburger (Nr. 1208, 1.2.1867), Isaac Wolff Haarburger (Nr. 1002, 13.9.1850), Israel Haarburger (Nr. 858, 27.6.1856); StaH 332-8 (Alte Einwohnermeldekartei 1892-1925), Hartwig Simon Haarburger, Miriam Amalia Haarburger, Emil Haarburger; StaH 332-8 (Hausmeldekartei), Isestr. 37 (Untermieterin Frieda Haarburger bei Ina Frey geb. Nehemias vom 1.4.1941 – 1.7.1941); StaH 351-11 (Amt für Wiedergutmachung), 4248 (Bertha Cassel geb. Eggers); StaH 522-1 (Jüdische Gemeinden), 992b (Kultussteuerkartei der Deutsch-Israelitischen Gemeinde Hamburg), Frieda Haarburger, Emil Haarburger; StaH Bibliothek, A 555/0001 Kapsel 01, Denkschrift der Lehrerkammer bei der Berufsschulbehörde, betr. die Durchführung der Personalabbauverordnung, Hamburg März 1924, 16 Seiten; Gedenkbuch Koblenz; Gedenkbuch Hamburg; Hamburger Börsenfirmen, Hamburg 1910, S. 235 (Emil H. Haarburger); Adressbuch Hamburg (Namensverzeichnis Haarburger) 1835, 1842, 1855, 1860, 1863, 1865, 1867, 1870-1873, 1878, 1884, 1887, 1889, 1890, 1909, 1911-1915, 1918-1919; Max G. A. Predöhl, Die Entwicklung der Lotterie in Hamburg, Hamburg 1908, S. 11, 50; Nordwestdeutsche Klassenlotterie, 350 Jahre Staatslotterie, Hamburg 1962; Anna von Villiez, Mit aller Kraft verdrängt. Entrechtung und Verfolgung "nicht arischer" Ärzte in Hamburg 1933 bis 1945, 2009, S. 323 (Eugen Klewansky); Jüdischer Friedhof Hamburg-Ohlsdorf, Gräberverzeichnis im Internet (Amalie Haarburger geb. Leviseur, Grablage A 10-138).