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Auguste Peine (née Graf) * 1884

Bellevue 34 (Hamburg-Nord, Winterhude)

1942 Theresienstadt
1942 weiterdeportiert nach Minsk

further stumbling stones in Bellevue 34:
Betty von der Heydt, Adolf Peine, Wally Simon, William Simon

Adolf Peine, born 2/3/1874 in Hamburg, deported to Theresienstadt on 7/19/1942, deported on to Treblinka on 9/21/1942
Auguste Johanna Peine, née Graf, born 4/23/1884 in Essen, deported to Theresienstadt on 7/19/1942, deported on to Treblinka on 9/21/1942

Adolf Peine was born in Hamburg as the son of Eduard Peine (1846–1910), a manufacturer of cufflinks, and his wife Rosa, née Hirsch (1848–1929). The Peine and Hirsch families also had close business ties. The cufflink factory Eduard Peine & Co., founded in 1871, with headquarters at Esplanade 9 from 1895–1911, belonged to Eduard Peine and Otto Hirsch (1862–1931). Eduard’s son Adolf was partner of Robert Franz Hirsch (1863–1942) in the walking-stick factory Robert Hirsch & Co. (OHG), founded 1899 at Sillemstrasse 60 in the Eimsbüttel district of Hamburg.

Around 1910, Adolf Peine married Auguste Graf, called "Gustl", born in Essen in 1884 as the daughter of the cantor and teacher Siegfried Graf (1847–1921), who later became principal of the Jewish elementary school in Essen. Her mother Lina, née Levi (1851–1940), came from Württemberg. The marriage of Adolf and Auguste Peine produced two children, Eduard (1911–1937) and Susi (born 1918).

The family lived in Eppendorf from 1910, first on the mezzanine of Beim Andreasbrunnen 9, and from 1913 at Woldsenweg 10, 3rd floor; from 1925, Auguste Peine’s widowed mother lived with them as a subtenant. The couple belonged to the German Israelitic Community. From 1925 to 1931, their daughter Susi attended the private Jewish high school "Realschule für Mädchen von Dr. Jacob Löwenberg" at Johnsallee 33, where there was a special emphasis on literature and art. After the school had to close for economic reasons in 1931, Susi attended the private school of Frl. Ria Wirth at Mittelweg 90 for another four years.

Their son Eduard had passed his high school exam as best of his class at the Oberrealschule in Eppendorf in 1929, then studied law at Hamburg University for seven semesters and passed his first law exam in November of 1932. According to the records of the Justice Administration, Eduard Pein was put under oath of office on the Hamburg Constitution as an articled clerk on March 7th, 1933. Four months later, Oberregierungsrat Dr. Jur. Karl Rüther, acting on the orders of the President of the State Justice Administration, sent him a preprinted letter: "I hereby inform you that, pursuant to the decree of June 3rd, 1933 regarding the implementation of the Law for the Restoration of Professional Civil Service with Regard to Articled Clerks, - page 28 of the Hamburg Justice Department News: you are dismissed from the Hamburg Justice Service. You are requested to confirm the receipt of this letter in writing."

Eduard Peine finally got a job as articled clerk at the Oelwerke Julius Schindler GmbH, Hohe Bleichen 28, an oil company. He died in January 1937.

The firm Robert Hirsch & Co was liquidated effective January 2nd, 1934. The Peine family from then on lived from the rental revenue of the property Sillemstrasse 60. In July 1939, daughter Susi, having been forced to quit her apprenticeship with the Robinsohn Company after 18 months, emigrated to England to become a housemaid. All Jewish employees had been fired after the "aryanization" of the company, and she was barred from getting any other job. On February 2nd, 1940, Auguste’s mother, 88-year-old Lina Graf, died at the Israelitic hospital following a fall that had caused a complicated fracture of her leg.

Adolf’s brother Kurt Peine (born 11/30/1887), he too a merchant by trade, had taken over his father’s company Eduard Peine & Co., manufacturers of collars, cuffs and chemisette buttons, Turnerstrasse 10/16, from 1927 Colonnaden 17–19, from 1932 to 1935 Bellevue 34, where his mother was still listed as general manager in 1933. He lived at the spacious house of his sister Wally Simon and her husband Willy Simon (q.v.), from 1919 at the address Alsterufer 7 and from 1927/28 at their villa in Bellevue 34. He emigrated to the USA on November 25th, 1936.

In June 1940, Adolf Peine and his wife also moved to Bellevue 34. On July 14th, 1942, Peine’s business partner and his wife committed suicide.

On July 19th, 1942, Adolf and Auguste Peine were deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto, from where they were taken to the Treblinka extermination camp on September 21st, 1942. According to the file of the Compensation Agency and the information of the International Red Cross included therein, "the transport of September 21st, 1942 must be considered as a ‘death transport’, i.e. that less than 10 % of the deported returned. There is no proof of death.”

The date of death of Adolf and Auguste Peine was officially set as May 8th, 1945. Minsk as destination of their deportation does not conform to the current state of research.

Translated by Peter Hubschmid
Kindly supported by the Hermann Reemtsma Stiftung, Hamburg.

Stand: February 2018
© Björn Eggert

Quellen: 1; 4; 8; AfW 141118; StaHH 241-2, Justizverwaltung Personalakten, A 1246; StaHH 741-4, Alte Einwohnermeldekartei (1892–1925); StaHH 331-5, Polizeibehörde – unnatürliche Sterbefälle, Signatur 1940/360; Bezirksamt Hamburg-Nord, Bauamt / Bauprüfabteilung, Woldsenweg 10; AB 1896, 1913, 1919, 1926, 1932, 1941; Amtliche Fernsprechbücher Hamburg, 1910, April 1911, Okt. 1911, April 1913, Okt. 1913, 1914, 1916, 1919, 1920, 1924, 1927, 1932, 1935–1940; Hamburger Börsenfirmen 34. Aufl., Hamburg Februar 1933, S. 380, 650; Museum für Hamburgische Geschichte, Dauerausstellung 400 Jahre Juden in Hamburg (Löwenthal-Schule); Alte Synagoge Essen (Museum und Gedenkstätte), E-Mail-Auskunft vom 7.12.2007 zu Siegfried Graf.
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