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Henriette Emmy Bosch (née Rheine) * 1869

Kremper Straße 10 (Hamburg-Nord, Hoheluft-Ost)

HIER WOHNTE
HENRIETTE EMMY
BOSCH
GEB. RHEINE
JG. 1869
DEPORTIERT 1942
THERESIENSTADT
1942 TREBLINKA
ERMORDET

Henriette Emmy Bosch, née Rheine, born on 27 Apr. 1869 in Hamburg, deported to Theresienstadt on 15 July 1942, murdered in the Treblinka extermination camp on 21 Sept. 1942

Kremperstrasse 10

Emmy Bosch was born on 27 Apr. 1869, the daughter of Jewish parents in Hamburg-Neustadt. Her father, Moses Nathan Rheine (born in 1813, died on 14 Nov. 1891) operated a lottery collection business in the former 3rd Elbstrasse 3 (today Neanderstrasse). In 1872, when Emmy was three years old, her mother Caroline, née Eisenberg, passed away. In the following year, the father entered into a second marital union with Jeanette Lübeck (born on 26 Aug. 1842 in Glückstadt, died on 8 May 1906). Three half-siblings were born: Lea on 5 Nov. 1873; Nathan on 14 Apr. 1878; and Sarah Clara on 13 Sept. 1879. Sarah died, only nine months old, on 16 June 1880.

We know nothing about Emmy’s childhood, schooling, or possible training. At the age of 50, on 27 Nov. 1919, she married the much younger non-Jewish musician Johannes Gottlieb Bosch (born on 5 Dec. 1886 in Glasbach). At the time of the wedding, her religious affiliation was described as "Mosaic” and thus Jewish. She then converted to the Lutheran faith. The newlyweds lived at Beim Schlump 24 and were then able to move into an apartment at nearby Kleiner Kielort 11. In 1927, they moved again, to Kremperstrasse 10, on the third floor.

Emmy Bosch had already been working as a messenger for the Krenzin & Seiffert Company, Pharmazeutische Präparate [pharmaceutical compounds], on Glashüttenstrasse since 1917, thus contributing to their livelihood. During the economic crisis, in Oct. 1923, she was dismissed after 15 years of service due to "operational restrictions.”

On 28 Dec. 1929, an accident occurred: The "street musician” Johannes Bosch, while drunk, fell over the railing on the third floor of Kremperstrasse into the stairwell. He was taken to Eppendorf General Hospital, where he died the next day of a fractured skull.

In Jan. 1933, Emmy Bosch had to apply for welfare assistance. She had to pay 29.40 RM (reichsmark) a month for her "modestly furnished two-room apartment.” Starting in 1934, she received a small monthly disability pension of 39.90 RM and 2.50 RM in unemployment benefits. In 1937, her welfare file stated that she had accepted a "Reinmachstelle” (cleaning job) at the Henry Cohn "Verleihamt” (lending office) at Rappstrasse 3, and that she earned 1 RM per week for three hours of work.

In the summer of 1938, a Mr. Krilling contacted the responsible welfare office and requested help for his neighbor Emmy Bosch. Her neighbor’s request was recorded in her welfare file: "Due to inadequate nutrition, Ms. Bosch is so weak that she always falls down. Compassionate house residents often gave her food, including Mr. Krilling himself. Since the house inhabitants themselves lived in simple economic circumstances, they can no longer help her.”

The welfare office investigated the matter and a house call was made. Since Emmy Bosch feared that she would have to look for cheaper accommodation, she stated after questioning that she felt healthy and did not suffer any hardship. That she could manage fairly well with her money. Emmy Bosch was able to stay in her apartment for the time being.

With the death of her husband in 1929, Emmy Bosch had lost the partial protection that her "Aryan” spouse would have offered her in a "privileged mixed marriage” ("privilegierte Mischehe”). She was finally forced to move to the "Jews’ house” ("Judenhaus”) at Kielortallee 22, where she received the deportation order for 15 July 1942, to the Theresienstadt Ghetto. Her widowed half-sister Lea Lippmann from Bornstrasse 22 also had to leave Hamburg on this transport. Her husband Max Lippmann (born on 13 Feb. 1876) had died in 1937; her daughter Alice Hanna (born on 27 Nov. 1905) and her son Semmy Edmund Lippmann (born on 26 Jan. 1902) were already living in exile.

Emmy Bosch’s half-brother Nathan Rheine and his second wife, the sales representative Elly, née van der Porten (born on 4 July 1892), had already been deported from Bornstrasse 22 to Minsk on 8 Nov. 1941. He had worked as a self-employed textile sales representative and in the very end, he had been compelled to perform "welfare work” ("Unterstützungsarbeit”) as an excavator. His first marriage with the non-Jewish Selma Maria Hahn (born on 8 Sept. 1886 in Creuzburg), which had been divorced in Aug. 1938, had produced four children: Else Maria, married name Soltau (born on 2 Dec. 1907); Edith Erna (born on 3 May 1912); Herbert Martin (born on 13 Oct. 1916); and Margot (born on 18 Oct. 1918). They were classified by the Nazis as Jewish crossbreeds of the first degree” ("Mischlinge 1. Grades”) and survived the Nazi era and the war, despite difficult conditions and reprisals.

For Emmy Bosch and Lea Lippmann, the Theresienstadt Ghetto was only a stopover. On 21 Sept. 1942, they were jointly deported further to the Treblinka extermination camp and murdered there.

Translator: Erwin Fink
Kindly supported by the Hermann Reemtsma Stiftung, Hamburg.

Stand: September 2020
© Susanne Rosendahl

Quellen: 1; 4; 5; 7; StaH 351-14 Arbeits- und Sozialbehörde 1016; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 1930 u 1730/1878; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 1958 u 4263/1879; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 8609 u 193/1901; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 572 u 321/1906; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 3135 u 508/1909; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 8730 u 677/1919; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 9844 u 2716/1929; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 1070 u 52/1937; StaH 332-5 Standesämter 8164 u 209/1939; StaH 351-14_1722 (Rheine, Nathan); StaH 351-11 AfW 37563 (Erdmann, Edith Jeanette); 213-13_17329 (Lippmann, geb. Rheine Lea, Erben); 351-11 AfW 26167 (Lippmann, Edmund); StaH 351-14 Arbeits- und Sozialfürsorge 1723 (Rheine, Edith Jeanette); www.jüdischer-friedhof-altona.de (Zugriff 14.1.2020). Zur Nummerierung häufig genutzter Quellen siehe Link "Recherche und Quellen".