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Paula Mathiason (née Rosenthal) * 1876

Maria-Louisen-Straße 96 (Hamburg-Nord, Winterhude)

HIER WOHNTE
PAULA MATHIASON
GEB. ROSENTHAL
JG. 1876
DEPORTIERT 1942
THERESIENSTADT
1944 AUSCHWITZ
ERMORDET

Paula Mathiason, née Rosenthal, born 31.12.1876 in Berlin, deported 19.7.1942 to Theresienstadt, deported on 15.5.1944 to Auschwitz and murdered there

Maria-Louisen-Straße 96 (Winterhude)

Paula Rosenthal was born in Berlin-Mitte in 1876 as the daughter of the merchant Max Simon Rosenthal (1846-1909), born in Rawitsch/Posen, and his wife Henriette Rosenthal, née Bonn (1848-1909), who came from Hemmerden in the Rhine district of Grevenbroich. Of his siblings, only two brothers are known to us: Siegmund Rosenthal (1872-1942) and Edwin Rosenthal (1884-1933). In 1897, their father founded Rosenthal & Hochstein, a wholesale and export company for passementerie articles (ornaments for clothing, furniture, lampshades, fringes, tassels, beads, embroidery, lace, etc.).

Paula grew up mainly in Berlin-Mitte, with residential addresses including Schmidstraße 9 (1877), Lückauerstraße 2 (1884), Oranienstraße 140/ Kreuzberg (1896-1902) and Kommandantenstraße 44 (1903-1904). She most likely attended a lyceum/higher girls' school in Berlin. In 1904, she married the bank clerk Eduard Rosenbaum (born 29.2.1864 in Koschmin/Posen), who was born around 50 km away from her father-in-law's birthplace and had also moved to Berlin. It is currently not known whether the Rosenbaums lived in Berlin in the following years.
The husband Eduard Rosenbaum had been listed in the Hamburg directory since 1917, his job title was "merchant” and since 1924 "grain broker”. In July 1923, he had founded his own company for grain and animal feed. His residential and business addresses were Oderfelder Straße 15 (1917-1932) and Maria-Louisen-Straße 96 (from 1933). It can be assumed that until 1933 he was a member of the Hamburg Grain Brokers' Association, which elected the board of the Hamburg Grain Exchange. The Eduard Rosenbaum company was deleted from the commercial register in February 1934.

Paula Rosenbaum probably attended the Dammtor Synagogue in Hamburg, which was run by Rabbi Paul Holzer (1892-1975) until his forced emigration to London 1939.

A religious tax card for Eduard and Paula Rosenbaum was not kept in Hamburg until 1936. The already low assessment amount for the years 1936 and 1937, which indicates a very low income, was waived by the Jewish community.

Their residential addresses on this card were Maria-Louisen-Straße 96 and, from January 1939, Holstenstraße 4a/ Bergedorf with Ernst Tichauer (see www.stolpersteine-hamburg.de). Paula Rosenbaum moved here briefly six months after the death of her husband, living as a subtenant with the dentist Tichauer and his wife Ellie. Eduard Rosenbaum was buried in the Hamburg-Ohlsdorf Jewish cemetery.

Also in January 1939, the Jewish Community of Hamburg recorded Rosenthal's move to Bambergerstraße 51 in Berlin-Schöneberg and her resignation from the Jewish Community of Hamburg. Her brother Siegmund Rosenthal (born 14.7.1872 in Berlin, deported 5.8.1942 to Theresienstadt, where he died on 17.9.1942) and his wife Selma Rosenthal née Guggenheim (born 13.5.1884 in Zurich, died 4.6.1940 in Berlin) lived at this Berlin address. Her brother Edwin also lived in Berlin; he had worked as a lawyer and notary in his office on Molkenmarkt until he was banned from practicing.

In late 1939/early 1940, Paula Rosenbaum married Jacob Mathiason (born 22.4.1865 in Hamburg), a widower and former owner of a bank business that had been closed in 1936 (see www.stolpersteine-hamburg.de). "Marriage” was noted on her Jewish religious tax card at the Hamburg Jewish Community, and her new residential address was Hochallee 117/ at Nathan.

After the death of the landlord Siegfried Nathan on October 27, 1940, his widow had to move to Haynstraße 7, which had been declared a "Jews' house” by the Nazi regime. As a result, Paula Mathiason also lost her accommodation; the free choice of housing had already been abolished for Jews in the German Reich in April 1939. At what time Paula Mathiason had to move to Haynstraße 5 II. It is not currently known when Paula Mathiason had to move to Haynstraße 5, second floor - this house was also marked as a "Jews' house”.

Since April 15, 1942, Paula and Jacob Mathiason lived in Hamburg in an apartment at Großneumarkt 56 III. floor. House numbers 54 to 57 belonged to the Hertz-Joseph-Levy-Stift, which was built in 1906 and contained 19 free apartments. This house had also been declared and labeled a "Jewish house” by the Nazi regime.

The couple were deported from there to the Theresienstadt ghetto on July 19, 1942. Jacob Mathiason died there on November 28, 1942, while Paula Mathiason managed to survive in Theresienstadt for around two years.

She was deported to the Auschwitz extermination camp on May 15, 1944 and murdered there.

Unlike other married couples, the Stolpersteine commemorate Jacob and Paula Mathiason at two different addresses. This is due to their late marriage, different address entries on their separate Jewish religious tax registers and the efforts to select the last freely chosen residential address for the Stolpersteine. The stone for Jacob Mathiason was laid in May 2014 at Hochallee 121, the one for Paula Mathiason in September 2012 at Maria-Louisen-Straße 96.

Translation: Beate Meyer
Stand: November 2024
© Björn Eggert

Quellen: Staatsarchiv Hamburg (StaH) 213-13 (Landgericht Hamburg, Wiedergutmachung), 15369 (Paula Mathiason); StaH 213-13 (Landgericht Hamburg, Wiedergutmachung), 3632 (Gertrud Hartwig geb. Mathiason); StaH 213-13 (Landgericht Hamburg, Wiedergutmachung), 3634 (Gertrud Hartwig geb. Mathiason); StaH 231-7 (Handelsregister), A 1 Bd. 37 (A 9089, Hermann Nathan senior); StaH 231-7 (Handelsregister), A 1 Bd. 135 (A 30522, Eduard Rosenbaum); StaH 332-8 (Meldewesen), Hamburger Hausmeldekartei, Mikrofilm K 2328 (Großneumarkt 56 III, Kartei erst ab 1939 geführt); StaH 351-11 (Amt für Wiedergutmachung), 26292 (Gertrud Hartwig geb. Mathiason); StaH 522-1 (Jüdische Gemeinden), 992b (Kultussteuerkartei der Deutsch-Israelitischen Gemeinde Hamburg), Eduard Rosenbaum/ Paula Rosenbaum/ Paula Mathiason, Jacob Mathiason; StaH 731-8 (Zeitungsausschnittsammlung), A 914 (Verein der Getreidehändler der Hamburger Börse); Jüdischer Friedhof Hamburg-Ohlsdorf, Gräberkartei (Eduard Rosenbaum, gestorben 5.6.1938, Grablage M 3 Nr. 140); Landesarchiv Berlin, Geburtsregister 11/1877 (Paula Rosenthal); Landesarchiv Berlin, Geburtsregister 227/1884 (Edwin Rosenthal); Landesarchiv Berlin, Heiratsregister 763/1904 (Eduard Rosenbaum, Berlin u. Paula Rosenthal, Berlin); Landesarchiv Berlin, Sterberegister 186/1909 (Henriette Rosenthal geb. Bonn); Landesarchiv Berlin, Sterberegister 353/1909 (Max Rosenthal); Landesarchiv Berlin, Sterberegister 1989/1940 (Selma Rosenthal geb. Guggenheim); Bundesarchiv Berlin, R 1509 (Reichssippenamt), Volks-, Berufs-, u. Betriebszählung am 17. Mai 1939 (Paula Mathiason, geb. Rosenthal verheiratete Rosenbaum; Siegmund Rosenthal; Selma Rosenthal geb. Guggenheim; Siegfried u. Elise Nathan); Handelskammer Hamburg, Handelsregisterinformationen (A 30522, Eduard Rosenbaum; A 9089, Hermann Nathan senior); Simone Ladwig-Winters, Anwalt ohne Recht. Das Schicksal jüdischer Rechtsanwälte in Berlin nach 1933, Berlin 2022, S. 395 (Edwin Rosenthal); Wilhelm Mosel, Wegweiser zu ehemaligen Stätten jüdischen Lebens oder Leidens in Hamburg, Heft 1, Hamburg 1983, S. 48 (Großneumarkt 54-57); Hamburger Börsenfirmen, Hamburg 1926, S. 738 (Hermann Nathan senior, gegr. 1884, Rohtabak, Inhaber Siegfried Nathan, Prokurist E. Nathan geb. Seidl, Pickhuben 9); Hamburger Börsenfirmen, Hamburg 1926, S. 877 (Eduard Rosenbaum, gegr. 1923, Getreide, Futter- u. Lebensmittel, Oderfelderstr. 15); Hamburger Börsenfirmen, Hamburg 1935, S. 603 (Hermann Nathan senior, gegr. 1884, Rohtabak, Inhaber Siegfried Nathan, Prokurist E. Nathan geb. Seidl, Bismarckstr. 103); Adressbuch Hamburg (Ed./ Eduard Rosenbaum) 1917, 1918, 1920, 1922-1925, 1930-1933, 1935, 1936; Adressbuch Hamburg (Maria-Louisen-Str. 96, Eduard Rosenbaum, Getr.-Makler) 1933, 1935-1938; Adressbuch Hamburg (Siegfried Nathan) 1937, 1940; Adressbuch Berlin 1877 (Kaufmann M. Rosenthal, Schmidstr. 9 I); Adressbuch Berlin 1905 (Straßenverzeichnis: Kommandantenstr. 44 in Berlin S14, dort u.a. Dr. Richard Rosenthal, praktischer Arzt u. M. Rosenthal, Kaufmann); Adressbuch Berlin 1899, 1901, 1903, 1905 (Rosenthal & Hochstein, Passementerie Engros, Export, W 56, Werderstr. 3/4, Inhaber M. Rosenthal u. Hch. Hochstein); https://www.holocaust.cz/ (Sterbeurkunden Siegmund Rosenthal, Jacob Mathiason); www.stolpersteine-hamburg.de (Jacob Mathiason, Else Nathan geb. Seidel, Ernst Tichauer, Julius Rothschild/ Getreidemakler, Martin Bernstein/ Getreidemakler, Max Ahronheim/ Getreidehandel).